Challenges of Integrating Electrical Systems in a Mega Project – Examples from Crossrail

Summary

This paper presents case studies of events caused by systems integration challenges. They are hard to uncover and difficult to foresee during a complex project. The issues raised in this paper highlight that integration is not a one-off event at each stage of design and that it needs to be undertaken as a continuous process in the life cycle. The paper provides examples where changes in one system that has already been through assurance and life cycle can have an impact in other systems.